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Stablecoins, Banking & Blockchain

Explainers & Analysis: Payments

Flow diagram: a customer's USDC deposit passes through a liquidation address and arrives as USD in the customer account, followed by a treasury transfer
Stablecoins ·

Stablecoin-to-USD Settlement: From Deposit to Treasury

How a USDC liquidation address, customer account and treasury transfer form a stablecoin-to-USD settlement flow.

Diagram of one balance in two bank ledgers: nostro, our account with you, and vostro, your account with us, linked by arrows for account, statement and reconciliation
Banking ·

Nostro vs Vostro Accounts: One Balance, Two Bank Ledgers

Why nostro and vostro are two views of one correspondent account, and how banks reconcile the balance.

Black-and-white timeline of a settlement account balance: a payment of 500 at 09:30 pushes it below zero, the gap is bridged by intraday credit, and a receipt of 600 at 11:00 leaves it at +100 by the close.
banking ·

Intraday Liquidity: How Banks Fund the Payment Day

Why a bank can be liquid at day-end but still need funds before a payment deadline.

Diagram comparing gross and net settlement: on the left, banks A and B exchange two separate payments; on the right, the obligations are offset into one net position from A to B.
payments ·

Gross vs Net Settlement: How Payment Systems Move Money

Gross settlement moves each payment; net settlement offsets obligations before money moves.

Diagram for sending EURC: verify the network against Circle's current list, keep the chain's gas asset for fees, and match asset, network and destination; issuer redemption differs from selling on an exchange
EURC ·

EURC and Euro Stablecoins: Networks, Fees and Redemption

How to send EURC: match the token and network, keep gas funds, and understand MiCA redemption.

A stablecoin refund record links back to the customer's original wallet; its request and processing status remain separate.
Payments ·

Stripe Stablecoin Refunds: Wallets, Amounts and Status

Where Stripe stablecoin refunds go, how partial amounts add up and what the saved status actually establishes.

USDC on Solana diagram: the Solana network, Circle's native USDC mint and the recipient's associated token account, with SOL paying the network fee
USDC ·

USDC on Solana: Mint, Token Accounts and SOL Fees

How native USDC works on Solana: verify the mint, understand token accounts, keep SOL for fees and avoid network errors.

Three US payment rails connecting FedNow, RTP and ACH nodes
FedNow ·

FedNow vs RTP vs ACH: How US Bank Payments Move

FedNow and RTP settle instantly; ACH moves credits and debits in batches. Compare reach, timing and finality.

Fedwire gross settlement and CHIPS netting paths compared
Fedwire ·

Fedwire vs CHIPS: How High-Value Dollar Payments Settle

Fedwire settles payments one by one; CHIPS uses liquidity-saving netting. Here is what that changes in practice.

Monochrome USDC on Base transfer diagram showing the token, network route and ETH gas requirement.
USDC ·

USDC on Base: How to Send It and Pay Gas in ETH

How to send USDC on Base, verify the contract and network, keep ETH for gas, and avoid unsupported deposits.

A monochrome stablecoin checkout flowing from a customer wallet through a payment processor to a business balance
Payments ·

How Businesses Accept Stablecoin Payments

A stablecoin checkout needs a payment intent, supported chain, settlement record, refund policy and reconciliation.

Payment versus payment links the final transfers of two currencies; funding and replacement risks remain.
Payments ·

Payment Versus Payment: What PvP Removes from an FX Trade

Conditional currency settlement reduces principal risk. It still leaves funding, replacement and operational questions.

Sender and recipient information accompanying a transfer
Regulation ·

The Travel Rule: What Travels With a Crypto Transfer?

The payment moves on a network. Required sender and recipient information is a separate data process.

A card payment connected to a merchant fiat payout
Payments ·

How Crypto Cards Turn Tokens Into Merchant Payments

A card funded with stablecoins does not mean the shop receives a blockchain transfer.

An invoice progressing to received, matched and settled
Payments ·

Paying Suppliers in Stablecoins: Invoice to Settlement

Agree the asset, network and final amount before treating a wallet transfer as a paid invoice.

A payment receipt including fees, FX and conversion
Payments ·

The Full Cost of a Cross-Border Stablecoin Payment

The full cost of a cross-border stablecoin payment, with a cost model, worked examples and World Bank data.

A bank account connected to an onchain balance
Banking ·

Why Crypto Companies Still Need Bank Accounts

An onchain business can still have offchain bills, reserve assets and customers who need cash.

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